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<\/strong><\/p>\nSituation actuelle et d\u00e9fis<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u2019essor des nouvelles technologies, l\u2019\u00e9volution des pr\u00e9f\u00e9rences des consommateurs et l\u2019\u00e9mergence de services de mobilit\u00e9 transforment radicalement l\u2019industrie automobile. Nous vivons une \u00e9poque passionnante de changements, port\u00e9e par la recherche d\u2019une mobilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique durable.<\/p>\n La mobilit\u00e9 urbaine \u00e9volue de l\u2019usage de la voiture individuelle vers le concept de villes intelligentes<\/strong>, o\u00f9 des infrastructures de transport intelligentes partag\u00e9es pour les personnes et les marchandises int\u00e8grent v\u00e9hicules priv\u00e9s, v\u00e9los et transports publics. Cette transformation de l\u2019industrie exige que la cha\u00eene de valeur de la mobilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique tire parti des derni\u00e8res innovations en mati\u00e8re de logiciels et d\u2019\u00e9lectronique.<\/p>\n L\u2019Intelligence Artificielle (IA), l\u2019Internet des Objets (IoT), les syst\u00e8mes de capteurs, la robotique et les services de mobilit\u00e9 ouvrent la voie \u2014 malgr\u00e9 des d\u00e9fis consid\u00e9rables \u2014 \u00e0 une mutation technologique vers de nouveaux mod\u00e8les \u00e9conomiques, o\u00f9 l\u2019ensemble de l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me de la mobilit\u00e9 doit collaborer pour faire \u00e9voluer les services et fonctionnalit\u00e9s de transport. La coordination des diff\u00e9rents modes de transport pour assurer une mobilit\u00e9 porte-\u00e0-porte efficace est essentielle, tout comme le d\u00e9veloppement de la conduite automatis\u00e9e et autonome, o\u00f9 les logiciels mettent en \u0153uvre de nouvelles fonctionnalit\u00e9s, capacit\u00e9s et am\u00e9liorations des performances des v\u00e9hicules.<\/p>\n Les composants mat\u00e9riels des v\u00e9hicules deviennent plus puissants et plus efficaces, mais \u00e9galement plus difficiles \u00e0 g\u00e9rer. Parall\u00e8lement, la complexit\u00e9 des fonctions logicielles cro\u00eet de fa\u00e7on exponentielle, et les v\u00e9hicules deviennent de plus en plus un \u00ab n\u0153ud Internet sur roues \u00bb.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.ctengineeringgroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Figura-1.jpg\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbFigura-1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.26.1″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n \u00c9cosyst\u00e8me actuel de connectivit\u00e9 entre v\u00e9hicules, infrastructures et usagers de la route. Source : FutureBride Analysis<\/p>\n Dans les sc\u00e9narios de mobilit\u00e9 future, les v\u00e9hicules \u00e9changeront une quantit\u00e9 impressionnante de donn\u00e9es avec leur environnement, qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse d\u2019autres v\u00e9hicules, des appareils portables des pi\u00e9tons ou des infrastructures environnantes telles que les feux de circulation, les cam\u00e9ras de surveillance, voire des plateformes a\u00e9riennes habit\u00e9es ou non habit\u00e9es.<\/p>\n Il est \u00e9vident que la m\u00e9canique traditionnelle doit \u00eatre compl\u00e9t\u00e9e par des dispositifs mat\u00e9riels permettant un flux de donn\u00e9es fluide et agile, avec une latence minimale (pas plus de 50 millisecondes), et capables de conserver ces caract\u00e9ristiques m\u00eame dans des situations de connectivit\u00e9 faible ou d\u00e9grad\u00e9e. Les v\u00e9hicules seront conscients d\u2019eux-m\u00eames et de leur environnement, capables de traiter de mani\u00e8re autonome la vaste quantit\u00e9 d\u2019informations transmises et re\u00e7ues. Des cam\u00e9ras avant et arri\u00e8re, des radars et des dispositifs lidar (d\u00e9tection et t\u00e9l\u00e9m\u00e9trie par la lumi\u00e8re) pour identifier et \u00e9viter les obstacles et le trafic environnant sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 courants dans de nombreux v\u00e9hicules actuellement disponibles sur le march\u00e9. Ce mat\u00e9riel remarquable est associ\u00e9 \u00e0 de puissants logiciels de gestion dot\u00e9s des algorithmes d\u2019intelligence artificielle et de reconnaissance d\u2019images les plus sophistiqu\u00e9s (vision par ordinateur), transformant ainsi les v\u00e9hicules en v\u00e9ritables plateformes num\u00e9riques, capables d\u2019assurer une conduite s\u00e9curis\u00e9e et m\u00eame d\u2019effectuer des man\u0153uvres d\u2019\u00e9vitement pour r\u00e9duire les situations \u00e0 risque pour les occupants, comme des changements de voie inattendus, des acc\u00e9l\u00e9rations ou des freinages brusques.<\/p>\n Lorsqu\u2019un v\u00e9hicule est autonome, cela signifie qu\u2019il peut r\u00e9agir de mani\u00e8re ind\u00e9pendante, en prenant des d\u00e9cisions sur la base des informations per\u00e7ues. Il doit \u00e9galement filtrer les donn\u00e9es et ne traiter que celles qui apportent une valeur ajout\u00e9e dans son flux, tandis que le reste doit \u00eatre \u00e9cart\u00e9 et non stock\u00e9 dans sa base interne. Enfin, il doit aussi \u00eatre capable de transmettre des informations utiles et de qualit\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u2019autres plateformes terrestres et a\u00e9riennes. Cela suppose une interaction continue avec l\u2019environnement, en recourant largement aux concepts V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) et V2X (Vehicle to Everything). Pour ce faire, des technologies habilitantes comme la 5G seront essentielles au d\u00e9ploiement d\u00e9finitif des v\u00e9hicules autonomes et \u00e0 la gestion du trafic dans les villes intelligentes.<\/p>\n Par ailleurs, l\u2019importance de la cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 dans les communications ne peut \u00eatre n\u00e9glig\u00e9e. Des efforts seront entrepris pour que tous les liens et flux de donn\u00e9es soient prot\u00e9g\u00e9s par une couche de cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 contre les attaques malveillantes, les tentatives de vol d\u2019informations sensibles d\u2019utilisateurs ou d\u2019entit\u00e9s, ainsi que la diffusion volontaire de fausses donn\u00e9es. La tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9 des flux d\u2019information, s\u00e9curis\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la blockchain, appara\u00eet \u00e9galement comme une valeur ajout\u00e9e significative.<\/p>\n Chez CT, nous menons d\u2019importants projets de mobilit\u00e9 urbaine. L\u2019une de ces initiatives est le projet ECOMOBILITY KDT-JU<\/strong>, qui r\u00e9unit 44 entreprises de 9 pays europ\u00e9ens, financ\u00e9 par la Commission europ\u00e9enne, o\u00f9 CT est responsable du d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019un gestionnaire de trafic pour les villes intelligentes. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie mat\u00e9rielle, aux dispositifs de t\u00e9l\u00e9communication, \u00e0 la capture d\u2019images et aux cartes num\u00e9riques g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es par nos partenaires, nous pouvons d\u00e9velopper un jumeau num\u00e9rique pr\u00e9dictif qui nous informe en temps r\u00e9el non seulement des conditions actuelles de circulation dans la ville, mais aussi des \u00e9v\u00e9nements futurs probables. La capacit\u00e9 de pr\u00e9diction sera essentielle, allant bien au-del\u00e0 de la simple collecte et visualisation des donn\u00e9es.<\/p>\n Avec les donn\u00e9es de trafic actuelles, nous pouvons \u00e9tablir des tendances sur leur \u00e9volution et ainsi informer toutes les parties prenantes afin qu\u2019elles puissent prendre les mesures les plus efficaces et efficientes. Tout le monde en b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie : des conducteurs, qui peuvent recevoir via leurs dispositifs GPS des itin\u00e9raires alternatifs optimis\u00e9s en cas d\u2019embouteillage, aux autorit\u00e9s municipales, qui peuvent am\u00e9liorer la synchronisation des feux de circulation, afficher les messages les plus utiles sur les panneaux \u00e9lectroniques ou encore planifier les meilleurs travaux routiers ou am\u00e9nagements de voirie pour fluidifier le trafic. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la capacit\u00e9 de g\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fois des donn\u00e9es r\u00e9elles et synth\u00e9tiques, nous renforcerons notre jumeau num\u00e9rique, garantissant ainsi une grande pr\u00e9cision de ses r\u00e9sultats et de ses pr\u00e9dictions.<\/p>\n Comme nous l\u2019avons vu, l\u2019\u00e9comobilit\u00e9 pr\u00e9sente des d\u00e9fis importants, mais aussi une formidable opportunit\u00e9 de d\u00e9ployer les meilleures technologies num\u00e9riques pour g\u00e9rer les capacit\u00e9s autonomes des v\u00e9hicules, int\u00e9gr\u00e9es \u00e0 la gestion actuelle du trafic. C\u2019est l\u2019occasion de rendre les villes plus agiles, moins encombr\u00e9es, et o\u00f9 les services de transport et de livraison locale peuvent fonctionner plus efficacement.<\/p>\n Les b\u00e9n\u00e9fices suppl\u00e9mentaires incluent une r\u00e9duction significative des \u00e9missions polluantes gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une circulation plus fluide et \u00e0 la promotion des v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques propres, une diminution des temps de trajet entre origine et destination, ainsi qu\u2019une optimisation de l\u2019usage des v\u00e9hicules gr\u00e2ce aux mod\u00e8les \u00e9conomiques de plateformes de partage.<\/p>\n Les technologies habilitantes dont nous disposons pour r\u00e9aliser ce bond impressionnant incluent : l\u2019IoT, la technologie des capteurs, les jumeaux num\u00e9riques pr\u00e9dictifs et l\u2019intelligence artificielle. Avec celles-ci, notre t\u00e2che consistera \u00e0 int\u00e9grer toutes les disciplines afin qu\u2019un flux d\u2019information transparent circule entre les v\u00e9hicules et leur environnement, assurant ainsi qu\u2019ils fonctionnent comme s\u2019ils ne formaient qu\u2019une seule entit\u00e9. C\u2019est une mission complexe, mais nous avancerons ensemble vers une mobilit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique durable.<\/p>\n \n \u00c0 propos de ECOMOBILITY KDY JU:<\/p>\n Le projet a re\u00e7u un financement dans le cadre de l\u2019initiative Chips Joint Undertaking (Chips JU), un partenariat public-priv\u00e9 en collaboration avec le programme-cadre Horizon Europe (HORIZON) et les Autorit\u00e9s nationales dans le cadre de la convention de subvention num\u00e9ro 101112306.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u201cEcomobility presents significant challenges, but also a great opportunity to deploy the best digital technology for managing the autonomous capabilities of vehicles, integrated into current traffic management. This is an opportunity to make cities more agile, less congested, and where local transport and delivery services can operate more smoothly.\u201d An article by Santiago Ferrer Jover, Project Manager.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":254684,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"\r\n Current situation and challenges<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n The rise of new technologies, consumer preferences, and emerging mobility services are radically transforming the automotive industry. We find ourselves in an exciting era of change, driven by the pursuit of sustainable digital mobility.<\/p>\r\n\r\n Urban mobility is shifting from private car use to the concept of smart cities<\/em>, where shared smart transport infrastructures for people and goods include private vehicles, bicycles, and public transit. This industry transformation requires the digital mobility value chain to capitalise on the latest innovations in software and electronics.<\/p>\r\n\r\n Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), sensor systems, robotics, and mobility services are paving the way, albeit with formidable challenges, towards a technological shift to new business models where the entire mobility ecosystem must collaborate for the evolution of transport services and features. Coordinating different means of transport for efficient door-to-door mobility is essential, as is fostering fully automated and autonomous driving, where software implements new features, capabilities, and vehicle performance enhancements.<\/p>\r\n\r\n Hardware components in vehicles are becoming more powerful and efficient, yet more challenging to manage. Concurrently, the complexity of software functions is growing exponentially, and vehicles are increasingly becoming an \u201cInternet node on wheels.\u201d<\/p>\r\n\r\n Current connectivity ecosystem among vehicles, infrastructures, and public road users. Source: FutureBride Analysis<\/p>\r\n\r\n Enabling technologies<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n In future mobility scenarios, vehicles will exchange a staggering amount of data with their environment, such as other vehicles, pedestrians\u2019 handheld devices, and surrounding infrastructures like traffic lights, overhead cameras, or even with manned and unmanned aerial platforms.<\/p>\r\n\r\n It is evident that traditional mechanics must be complemented with hardware devices that allow for a seamless and agile data flow, with minimal latency (no more than 50 milliseconds), capable of maintaining its characteristics even in low or degraded connectivity situations. Vehicles will be self-aware and aware of their surroundings, capable of independently processing the vast amount of information being transmitted and received. Front and rear cameras, radar, and lidar (light detection and ranging<\/em>) devices for detecting and avoiding obstacles and surrounding traffic are now common in many vehicles currently on the market. This remarkable hardware is matched by powerful management software with the most sophisticated artificial intelligence and image identification algorithms (Computer Vision) to turn vehicles into true digital platforms, enabling them to perform safe driving and even carry out evasive manoeuvres to avoid situations that put occupants at risk, such as unexpected lane changes, accelerations, or braking.<\/p>\r\n\r\n When a vehicle is autonomous, this implies that it can react independently, making decisions based on perceived information. It must also filter information and process only data that adds value in its data stream; the rest should be discarded and not included in its internal database. Finally, it should also be able to transmit useful and quality information to other ground and aerial platforms. It involves continuous interaction with the environment, extensively employing the V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) and V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication concept. For this, enabling technologies like 5G will be pivotal for the definitive roll-out of autonomous vehicles and traffic management in smart cities.<\/p>\r\n\r\n Moreover, the significance of cybersecurity in communications cannot be overlooked. Efforts will be made to ensure all links and data flow are fortified with a cyber protection layer against malicious attacks, attempts at usurping key user and entity information, and the deployment of deliberately false data. The traceability of information flow secured by blockchain is also emerging as significant added value.<\/p>\r\n\r\n Ongoing developments: towards predictive digital twin technology<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n At CT, we are engaged in significant urban mobility projects. One such initiative is the ECOMOBILITY KDT-JU project, involving 44 companies from 9 European countries, funded by the European Commission, where CT is responsible for developing a traffic manager for smart cities. With hardware technology and telecommunications devices, image capture, and digital maps generated by our partners, we are able to develop a predictive digital twin that informs us in real-time not only about the current traffic conditions in the city but also about likely future occurrences. Predictive ability will be crucial, going beyond mere data capture and display.<\/p>\r\n\r\n With current traffic data, we can establish trends about its evolution and thereby inform all stakeholders so that they can take the most effective and efficient actions. Everyone can benefit: from drivers, who can receive optimal alternative routes via their GPS devices in case of traffic jams, to city governing bodies, who can be provided with better traffic light synchronisation, display the most useful messages on electronic signage, or suggest the best roadworks or modifications to streets and access points to make traffic flow more smoothly. With the capability to manage both real and synthetic data, we will strengthen our digital twin, ensuring its results and predictions are highly accurate. As we have seen, ecomobility presents significant challenges, but also a great opportunity to deploy the best digital technology for managing the autonomous capabilities of vehicles, integrated into current traffic management. This is an opportunity to make cities more agile, less congested, and where local transport and delivery services can operate more smoothly.<\/p>\r\n\r\n Additional benefits include a significant reduction in polluting emissions due to smoother traffic and promoting the roll-out of clean electric vehicles, decreased travel times between origin and destination, and optimised vehicle usage with shared platform business models.<\/p>\r\n\r\n The enabling technologies available to us for making this impressive leap include: IoT, sensor technology, predictive digital twins, and artificial intelligence. With these, our task will be to integrate all disciplines so that there is a seamless flow of information between vehicles and their environment, ensuring that they operate as if they were a single entity. It\u2019s a complex mission, but we will drive together towards sustainable digital mobility.<\/p>\r\n","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[178,258],"tags":[254],"class_list":["post-258359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apercus-fr","category-insights-fr","tag-ecomobility-fr"],"yoast_head":"\nTechnologies habilitantes<\/h3>\n
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D\u00e9veloppements en cours : vers la technologie des jumeaux num\u00e9riques pr\u00e9dictifs<\/h3>\n
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Des villes fluides et moins pollu\u00e9es parmi les nombreux avantages<\/h3>\n
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Streamlined cities and less pollution are among the many benefits<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n